His interaction with Jewish leaders
Interaction with Pharisees, Sadducees, Scribes, Synagogue Leaders, chief priests, elders, rulers, captains of the
temple, captains, Jews
From biblestudy.org, bibleversestudy.org, Wikipedia.org, my own study:
*Sanhedrin: Started about 70 BC by the Hasmonean King. Composed of High Priest and 70 general members. Final
authoriy in decisions regarding Jewish law and religious and political life. Only chief priests, elders, and
scribes were elible to be members. Refered to as: the council or the chief priests, elders, and scribes or chief
priests and elders
*Elders: Local leaders (usually older men) who represented cities or towns; some are part of the Sanhedrin
*Pharisees: Originated around 150 BC from a group of scribes and sages. Popular with the masses. Influencial
with the local synagogues. Adhered to both the written Torah and the Oral Torah (tranditions) as interpeted by
the Scribes. They are called "rabbis" or "teachers" and attracted "disciples". Pharisees controlled the
synagogues. Not so friendly with Rome. Some were members of the Sanhedrin. After the destruction of the temple
in 70 AD, they composed the Mishnah and laid the groundwork for Rabbinic Judaism.
*Sadducees: An elite group composed of aristocratic high priestly families who had gained prominence during the
Hasmonean period. Relatively small group. They controlled the temple in Jerusalem. They held considerable power
and received backing from rich and elite. More friendly with Rome. Not popular with the masses. Believed that
only the Torah was to be followed, rejecting the Oral Torah (tranditions). Presided over the daily offerings in
the temple, and the sacrifes at Passover, Feast of Weeks (Pentecost), and Feast of the Tabernacles. Believed in
a very strict interpretation of the law of Moses (more strict than the Pharisees). For example: "eye for an eye,
tooth for a tooth, hand for a hand" Pharisees said monetary compensation was acceptable Sadducees said the
guilty should lose an eye, tooth or hand. Sadducees ceased after distruction of the temple in 70 AD.
*Scribes: Originally men trained to write. Initally copied scriptures and read in the synagogues. Later became
interpeters of the law. They became professionals at spelling out the letter of the Law while ignoring the
spirit behind it. Also recored legal documents, deeds, notary public, court secretary, also copied documents and
scriptures. The most educated in the Jewish nation They were the Lawyers and Judges.
*Chief Priests: Priests who were members of the Sanhedrin. Many were probably Sadducees but not all of them.
The High Priest was one of the Chief Priests.
*Jews: From my study: John uses this term much more frequently than the other three Gospel writers. At times
"Jews" is used to describe the Jewish population generally, at other times it is used to mean the leaders of the
Jewish people, and sometimes it is used as a description such as "a feast of the Jews." Context can usually
determine how the term is being used.
Gabriel tells Zacharias, a priest, that Elizabeth will bear John Luke 1:5-24;
Chief Priest, scribes tell Herod where Messiah will be born Matt 2:4;
Pharisees (Jews) send priests and Levites to ask who John is John 1:19-28;
John the Baptist calls Pharisees and Sadducees to repentance Matt 3:7-12 (JST Matt 3:33-39;)
Ruler of marriage feast, when water turned to wine John 2:1-11;
Jews ask for a sign after Jesus cleanses the temple John 2:13-22;
Nicodemus, a Pharisee and ruler of the Jews, visits Jesus John 3:1-21;
The Jews question John's disciples about baptism John 3:23-36;
Pharisees know Jesus baptized more than John John 4:1;
Jesus speaks to Samaritan women at the well; Jews have no dealings with Samaritans John 4:3-42;
Righteousness exceed that of scribes and Pharisees Matt 5:20;
Hypocrisy of scribes, Pharisees, Priests, Levites JST Matt 7:6-8;
Teaches with authority not from scribes Matt 7:29 (JST Matt 7:37;); Mark 1:22;
Man healed of leporcy told to show himself to the Priest Matt 8:2-4; Mark 1:40-45; Luke 5:12-15;
A scribe desires to follow Jesus Matt 8:19;
Scribes, Pharisees consider it blasphemy that Jesus forgives sin Matt 9:2-8 (JST Matt 9:2-9;) Mark 2:1-12;
Luke 5:17-26;
Pharisees, scribes: why do you eat with sinners? Matt 9:9-13 (JST Matt 9:10-14); Mark 2:13-17; Luke 5:27-32;
Jesus's disciples do not fast like the disciples of John and of the Pharisees Matt 9:14-15 (JST Matt
9:15-17;) Mark 2:18-20; Luke 5:33-35;
Pharisees: Why don't you receive us, we keep the law? JST Matt 9:18-23 (Matt 9:16-17);
Jarias, a ruler of the synagogue, asks Jesus to heal his daughter Matt 9:18-25 (JST Matt 9:24-31;) Mark
5:22-24, 35-43; Luke 8:41-42, 49-56;
Pharisees: Jesus casts out devils by the prince of devils Matt 9:32-34;
Pharisees: disciples do that which is not lawful on the Sabbath Matt 12:1-8; Mark 2:24-28; Luke 6:1-5;
Jesus heals on Sabbath, Pharisees, scribes & Herodians council against him Matt 12:9-14; Mark 3:1-6; Luke
6:6-11;
Jesus heals infirm man by pool of Bethesda on sabbath, Jews persecute Him John 5:1-47;
Jesus teaches the bread of life sermon, Jews murmur and strive with one another John 6:27-65;
Jews seek to kill him John 7:1;
Jesus secretly goes to Jerusalem to the Feats of the Tabernacles, Jews seek Him, people fear the Jews John
7:10-13;
Jesus teaches at Feast of the Tabernacles, rulers do nothing John 7:14-26;
Pharisees, chief priests, rulers send officers to take Jesus, but don't John 7:31-53;
Scribes, Pharisees bring woman taken in adultery John 8:1-11;
Pharisees: you bear record of yourself John 8:12-20;
Jesus teaches, Jews cannot understand, He teaches He is the Son of God, they try to stone Him John 8:21-59;
Jesus heals man born blind on Sabbath, Pharisees, Jews say Jesus is sinner, man cast out John 9:1-38;
Pharisees rebuked by Jesus John 9:39-41;
Jews divided: some say Jesus hath a devil, others say can a devil open the eyes of the blind John 10:19-21;
Jews at feast of the dedication ask if Jesus is the Christ, try to take Him John 10:22-39;
Disciples: Jews have sought to stone thee, goest thou to Judea? John 11:8;
Jews come to comfort Martha and Mary after Lazarus's death John 11:19;
Jews follow Mary to meet Jesus, ask could not Jesus have healed Lazarus John 11:28-37;
Many Jews believe in Jesus after Lazarus raised from the dead John 11:45;
Some Jews tell the Pharisees about Lazarus, Pharisees gather the council and seek to kill Him John 11:46-54;
Chief Priests, Pharisees seek to take Jesus at the Passover John 11:55-57;
Centurion sends elders of the Jews to ask Jesus to heal his servant Luke 7:1-10;
Pharisees, lawyers did not seek baptism by John Luke 7:24-30;
Eats in Pharisees house; woman washes his feet with tears Luke 7:36-50;
Pharisees: Jesus casts out devils by the prince of devils Matt 12:22-29; Mark 3:22-30;
Pharisees and scribes: show us a sign Matt 12:38-42;
Scribes: every sin forgiven, blasphemy against Holy Ghost not forgiven, why? JST Matt 12:37-39;
Scribes, Pharisees, Jews: eat with unwashed hands Matt 15:1-20; Mark 7:1-13; Luke 11:37-54;
Pharisees and Sadducees: show us a sign Matt 16:1-4; Mark 8:11-12;
Beware of the leaven of the Pharisees, Sadducees, Herod Matt 16:5-12; Mark 8:13-21; Luke 12:1;
Foretells of His death by elders, chief priests, scribes Matt 16:21; Mark 8:31; Luke 9:22;
Parable of the good Samaritan: Priest, Levite do not help Luke 10:25-37;
Ruler of synagogue indignate when He heals woman on the sabbath Luke 13:11-17;
Pharisees warn Jesus that Herod will kill him Luke 13:31-35;
Jesus asks Pharisees and lawyers: lawful to heal on sabbath Luke 14:1-6;
Pharisees, scribes: murmur because Jesus eats with sinners Luke 15:1-32;
Disciples ask why scribes say Elias must come first Matt 17:1-13 (JST Matt 17:1-14); Mark 9:11-13;
Scribes question disciples about devil they could not cast out Mark 9:14-29;
Pharisees deride Jesus for teaching you cannot serve two masters Luke 16:13-18;
Pharisees ask about divorce Matt 19:3-9; Mark 10:2-12; (Luke 16:18)
Jesus heals ten lepers, tells them to go to priests Luke 17:11-19;
Pharisees ask when the kingdom of God shall come Luke 17:20-21;
Parable and Pharisee and publican praying Luke 18:10-14;
Certain ruler (rich young man) asks what he must do to have eternal life Luke 18:18-23;
Foretells of His death by chief priests, scribes; and of His resurrection Matt 20:18-19; Mark 10:32-24;
Chief Priests plot Lazarus's death, because many Jews believe on Jesus because He raised him John 12:9-11;
Triumpral entry into Jerusalem: Pharisees ask him to rebuke his disciples Luke 19:35-40;
Pharisees say among themselves, the world is gone after Him (Jesus) because of Lazarus John 12:17-19;
Many chief rulers believe on Jesus, but do not confess, lest the Pharisees put them out of the synagogue John
12:42-43;
Cleanses the temple: chief priests, scribes sore displeased, seek to destroy him Matt 21:15-17; Luke
19:45-48;
Cleanses the temple, scribes and chief priests seek to destroy Him Mark 11:15-18;
Chief Priests, scribes, elders ask by what authoriy does He teach Matt 21:23-32; Mark 11:27-33; Luke 20:1-8;
Chief Priests, Pharisees perceive parables about them Matt 21:33-46; (JST Matt 21:33-49;) Luke 20:9-19;
Pharisees, Herodians ask about tribute to Caesar Matt 22:15-22; Mark 12:13-17; Luke 20:19-26;
Sadducees ask about 7 brothers and resurrection Matt 22:23-33; Mark 12:18-27; Luke 20:27-38;
One of the Pharisees, Sadducees, scribes asks which is the great commandment Matt 22:34-40; Mark 12:28-34;
Jesus asks Pharisees, scribes: Chirst is whose son? Matt 22:41-46; Mark 12:35-37; Luke 20:39-44;
Jesus pronounces woes upon Pharisees and Scribes Matt 23:1-36 (JST Matt 23:1-35;) Mark 12:38-40; Luke
20:45-47;
Disciples to be persecuted, brought before kings, rulers Luke 21:12;
Who is faithful and wise will be made a ruler Matt 24:45-47; Luke 12:41-48;
Parable of the talents: faithful ruler of many things Matt 25:14-30;
Chief Priests, Scribes and Elders determine to kill Jesus Matt 26:3-4; Mark 14:1-2; Luke 22:1-2;
Judas agrees with Chief Priests, captains to betray Jesus Matt 25:14-16; Mark 14:10-11; Luke 22:3-6;
As He said to the Jews, whither I go you cannot come John 13:33;
Judas with a band from chief priests and elders betrays Jesus Matt 26:47-50; Mark 14:43-45; (Luke 22:47-49);
John 18:1-9;
Ear of High Priest's servant cut off Matt 26:51; Mark 14:47; Luke 22:50-53; John 18:10-11;
Jesus tried before High Priest, chief priests and elders Matt 26:57-68; Mark 14:53-65; Luke 22:63-71; John
18:12-14, 18-24;
Peter denies Christ before High Priest's maid Mark 14:66-72; Luke 22:54-62; John 18:15-17, 25-27;
Chief priests and elders deliver Jesus to Pilate Matt 27:1-2; Mark 15:1; (Luke 23:1; John 18:28;)
Judas remore for the betrayal returns the money to chief priests and elders Matt 27:3-10
Jesus accused before Pilate by chief priests and elders Matt 27:11-14; Mark 15:2-5; Luke 23:2-7; John
18:29-40;
Jesus accused before Herod by chief priests and scribes Luke 23:8-11;
Chief priests and elders persuade multitude to release Barabbas, crucify Jesus Matt 27:15-23; Mark 15:6-14;
Luke 23:13-25; John 19:1-22;
Chief priests, elders and scribes, rulers mock Jesus on the cross Matt 27:41-43; Mark 15:31-32; Luke
23:35-37;
Jews request legs be broken so bodies not on the crosses on the Sabbath John 19:31-37;
Joseph of Arithmathaea, a city of the Jews, asks for the body of Jesus Luke 23:50-56; John 19:38-42;
Pharisees and chief priests set guards on Jesus's tomb Matt 27:62-66;
Chief priests and elders bribe guards to say disciples stole Jesus's body, reported among the Jews to this
day Matt 28:11-15;
Disciples on road to Emmaus tell how Chief Priests, rulers delivered Jesus to be crucified Luke 24:19-21;
Disciples gathered with doors shut for fear of the Jews, Jesus comes and stands in the midst John 20:19-23;
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Sadducees; Matt 3:7; 16:1,6,11-12; 22:23, 34; Mark 12:18; Luke 20:27; Acts 4:1; 5:17; 23:6-8;
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Pharisees; Matt 3:7; 5:20; 9:11, 14, 34; 12:2,14,24,38; 15:1,12; 16:1,6,11-12; 19:3; 21:45; 22:15,34,41;
23:2,13-15,23,25-27,29; 27:62; Mark 2:16,18,24; 3:6; 7:1,3,5; 8:11,15; 10:2; 12:13; Luke 5:17,21,30,33; 6:2,7;
7:30,36-37,39; 11:37-39,42-44,53; 12:1; 13:31; 14:1,3; 15:2; 16:14; 17:20; 18:10-11; 19:39; John 1:24; 3:1;
4:1; 7:32,45,47-48; 8:3,13; 9:13,15-16,40; 11:46-47,57; 12:19,42; 18:3; Acts 5:34; 15:5; 23:6-9; 26:5; Phil
3:5;
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Scribes; Matt 2:4; 5:20; 7:29; 8:19; 9:3; 12:38; 13:52; 15:1; 16:21; 17:10; 20:18; 21:15; 23:
2,13-15,23,25,27,29,34; 26:3,57; 27:41; Mark 1:22; 2:6,16; 3:22; 7:1,5; 8:31; 9:11,14,16; 10:33; 11:18,27;
12:28,32,35,38; 14:1,43,53; 15:1,31; Luke 5:21,30; 6:7; 9:22; 11:44,53; 15:2; 19:47; 20:1,19,39,46; 22:2,66;
23:10; John 8:3; Acts 4:5, 6:12; 23:9; 1 Cor 1:20;
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Chief Priests; Matt 2:4; 16:21; 20:18; 21:15,23,45; 26:3,14,47,59; 27:1,3,6,12,20,41,62; 28:11; Mark 8:31;
10:33; 11:18,27; 14:1,10,43,53-55; 15:1,3,10-11,31; Luke 9:22, 19:47; 20:1,19; 22:2,4,52,66; 23:4,10,13,23;
24:20; John 7:32,45; 11:47,57; 12:10; 18:3,35; 19:6,15,21; Acts 4:23, 5:24; 9:14,21; 19:14; 22:30; 23:14;
25:15; 26:10,12;
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Elders; Matt 15:2; 16:21; 21:23; 26:3,47,57,59; 27:1,3,12,20,41; 28:12; Mark 7:3,5; 8:31; 11:27; 14:43,53;
15:1; Luke 7:3; 9:22; 15:25; 20:1; 22:52,66; Acts 4:5,8,23; 6:12; 11:30; 14:23; 15:2,4,6,22-23; 16:4; 20:17;
21:18; 22:5; 23:14; 24:1; 25:15; Rom 9:12, 1 Tim 5:1-2,17,19; Titus 1:5; Heb 11:2; James 5:15; 1 Pet 5:1,5; 2
Jn 1:1; 1 Jn 1:1; Rev 4:4,10; 5:5-6,8,11,14; 7:11,13; 11:16; 14:3; 19:4;
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Rulers; Matt 9:18,23; 24:45,47; 25:21,23; Mark 5:22,35-36,38; 13:9; Luke 8:41,49; 12:42,44; 13:14; 18:18;
21:12; 23:13,35; 24:20; John 2:9; 3:1; 7:26,48; 12:42; Acts 3:17; 4:5,8,26; 7:27,35; 13:15,27; 14:5; 16:19;
17:6,8; 18:8,17; 23:5; Rom 13:3; Eph 6:12;
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Captains of the temple; Luke 22:52; Acts 4:1; 5:24;
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High Priest; Matt 26:3,51,57-59,62-63,65; Mark 2:26; 14:47,53-55,60-61,63,66; Luke 3:2, 22:50,54; John
11:49,51; 18:10,13,15-16,19,22,24,26; Acts 4:6; 5:17,21,24,27; 7:1; 9:1; 22:5; 23:2,4-5; 24:1; 25:2; Heb 2:17;
3:1; 4:14-15; 5:1,5,10; 6:20; 7:26-28; 8:1,3; 9:7,11,25; 10:21; 13:11;
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Priest; 8:4; 12:4-5; Mark 1:44; 2:26; Luke 1:5,8-9; 5:14; 6:4; 10:31; 17:14; John 1:19; Acts 4:1; 6:7; 14:13;
Rev 1:6; 5:10; 20:6;
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Captains; Mark 6:21; Luke 22:4; John 18:12; Acts 5:26; 21:31-33,37; 22:24,26-29; 23:10,15,17-19,22; 24:7,22;
25:23; 28:16; Heb 2:10; Rev 6:15; 19:18;